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NYU's Andrew Gordon Wilson argues that relying on simplified system reductions delays progress in understanding deep learning

Gael Varoquaux warns that abandoning reductionism risks anecdotal science

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Andrew Gordon Wilson@andrewgwils#148inAI

A fixation on system reductions (e.g., analyzing implicit biases of SGD in a two layer linear network) has been a tremendous setback in understanding DL, because they are not analogous with the systems we want to understand. Few realize we can analyze the models we actually use.

2:58 PM · Jun 3, 2026 · 8.3K Views
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Gael Varoquaux 🦋@GaelVaroquaux

@andrewgwils Reductionism and analyzing complex objects has always been a chicken and egg problem: as long as we haven't found the right abstractions for reduction, we're failing to get generalization. But science without reduction has the danger of being a collection of anecdotes

A fixation on system reductions (e.g., analyzing implicit biases of SGD in a two layer linear network) has been a tremendous setback in understanding DL, because they are not analogous with the systems we want to understand. Few realize we can analyze the models we actually use.

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