What separates data scientists who earn a good living (100k-200k) from those who earn 300k+ at FAANG?

Is it just stock options and vesting? Or is it just FAANG is a lot of work. Why do some data scientists deserve that much? I work at a Fortune 500 and the ceiling for IC data scientists is around $200k unless you go into management of course. But how and why do people make 500k at Google without going into management? Obviously I’m talking about 1% or less of data scientists but still. I’m less than a year into my full time data scientist job and figuring out my goals and long term plans.