legiontech.net— Many newcomers to Linux learn of partitions, yet don't know how to fully utilize them. Here's my short guide into the wonderful world of Linux partitions.
Mar 11, 2007View in Crawl 4
Don't forget to set up your "partitions" (actually volumes) on a logical volume manager: <a class="user" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_volume_management">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_volume_management</a>It is extremely easy to set up (for example a home and a tmp volume):pvcreate /dev/hda4 (or whatever hard disk or partition you set up for LVM)vgcreate volumes /dev/hda4lvcreate -L 4G -n home volumeslvcreate -L 2G -n tmp volumesNow you can create a filesystem on /dev/volumes/home and /dev/volumes/tmp and use it like any other partition.
"partition 3 = the rest of the space = /" ... "ran into issues where one partition would fill up and the others would have plenty of space due to the workstation roles changing"I am in agreement and disagreement all at once.First, having home partitions for any desktop system is almost an absolute. When you have any type of failure, being able to do a rebuild/distro change/upgrade/ect and not having to rebuild the /home directory is a plus. It doesnt matter if it is one user or a hundred, trying to backup the entire drive to do a reinstall and then restoring the contents of the drive (with verification of course) is just way to time consuming.Second, I use your 3 partition (boot, swap, /) setup ALL of the time with non-production test systems. Countless times I have set up a test system and not known how the programs would effect the system. Setting up the test system let me find out that mysql creates TONS of logs and stores most of its information in /var so /var really needed to be on the largest partition. It let me find out that one of the researchers programs uses /tmp for his programs disk read/write and it could grow up to 40GB in which speed was a key issue ( /tmp got its own harddrive ). I think that doing a setup with a single / partition is great for testing and knowing how the server is going to have to be set up, but I would never deploy it in any kind of environment where it would be under constant use. You are opening yourself up to potential problems with runaway processes and full disk errors.Your root partition is very important because if you have problems with your root partition, you are going to have many headaches. If you are setting up a commandline only server with limited apps then 2GB might be over kill for that partition but if you are setting up a desktop machine with KDE, Gnome, and a ton of programs then 8GB might not be enough. In an case, / really needs to be on its own from anything that might fill it up or corrupt it.It is all about knowing your system. Right now my / partition is 4GB and its at 92%. /var takes up
You dont *have* to create those partitions in order to run Linux (outside of the swap partition). In fact the default install of fedora is a single partition with one swap partition.However creating seperate filesystems makes it easier if you ever wanted to reinstall or keep your data seperate from your OS when you only have ONE drive. Hell even with my Windows box and my Mac I have seperate partitions for system and data.
@DontSayFanboy :OpenBSD's sounds like a cross between Linux's partition manager (fdisk) and Solaris (I don't have any experience installing Solaris, or partitioning for it either). In OpenBSD you also have the default "c" partition that represents the whole disk. And by default OpenBSD's "b" partition is for swap.None the less OpenBSD's system allows you to use human friendly/readable notation when creating partitions (ie +4G to make a 4 gig partition).
Ya, this "The Legion" site is full of fake linux fun BS. Every article on that site was written with the same insightful zeal that a monkey would dedicate to picking fleas out of its fur.How to choose a Linux distribution (<a class="user" href="http://legiontech.net/node/6)">http://legiontech.net/node/6)</a>- I would expect that when an article proclaims "how to" do something, that I would actually take something away from the time wasted reading it. In this case I swore out loud and decided never to visit the Legion again. That was until I saw the next "article" they posted to Digg...4 Major Linux Distros - Compared<a class="user" href="http://legiontech.net/node/15">http://legiontech.net/node/15</a>- The saddest most uninformed and informative comparison ever. The jackass actually rank his 4 "reviewed" distros, in no particular order, on a scale of 5. His reason for loving Gentoo? It's not quite clear, but "in his mind" it deserves more than a 5 out of 5. Like the scale is reflective of reality or something.NOW, the absolute best linux/unix/bsd site that includes great reviews, I mean reviews where the reviewer itemizes real failing, usability issues, what bugs were actually encountered, the differences between the previous versions, AND actually includes meaningful recommendations to the distro maintainers, its got to be Software In Review. (<a class="user" href="http://www.softwareinreview.com)">http://www.softwareinreview.com)</a>I am no fan boy. I've got zero affiliation with any forum, site or anything on the web. (including Software In Review, I found the site a month ago) I troll for personal information, but when I see crap like on the Legion's site, I HAVE TO SAY SOMETHING.The Digg is LAME!!!
Sorry, that was supposed to be, "This Digg is LAME!!!", meaning the Legion should stop posting this crap and spend more than 10 minutes writing their definitively titled articles.
aroedlMar 12, 2007
Don't forget to set up your "partitions" (actually volumes) on a logical volume manager: <a class="user" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_volume_management">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_volume_management</a>It is extremely easy to set up (for example a home and a tmp volume):pvcreate /dev/hda4 (or whatever hard disk or partition you set up for LVM)vgcreate volumes /dev/hda4lvcreate -L 4G -n home volumeslvcreate -L 2G -n tmp volumesNow you can create a filesystem on /dev/volumes/home and /dev/volumes/tmp and use it like any other partition.
edlesmannMar 12, 2007
"partition 3 = the rest of the space = /" ... "ran into issues where one partition would fill up and the others would have plenty of space due to the workstation roles changing"I am in agreement and disagreement all at once.First, having home partitions for any desktop system is almost an absolute. When you have any type of failure, being able to do a rebuild/distro change/upgrade/ect and not having to rebuild the /home directory is a plus. It doesnt matter if it is one user or a hundred, trying to backup the entire drive to do a reinstall and then restoring the contents of the drive (with verification of course) is just way to time consuming.Second, I use your 3 partition (boot, swap, /) setup ALL of the time with non-production test systems. Countless times I have set up a test system and not known how the programs would effect the system. Setting up the test system let me find out that mysql creates TONS of logs and stores most of its information in /var so /var really needed to be on the largest partition. It let me find out that one of the researchers programs uses /tmp for his programs disk read/write and it could grow up to 40GB in which speed was a key issue ( /tmp got its own harddrive ). I think that doing a setup with a single / partition is great for testing and knowing how the server is going to have to be set up, but I would never deploy it in any kind of environment where it would be under constant use. You are opening yourself up to potential problems with runaway processes and full disk errors.Your root partition is very important because if you have problems with your root partition, you are going to have many headaches. If you are setting up a commandline only server with limited apps then 2GB might be over kill for that partition but if you are setting up a desktop machine with KDE, Gnome, and a ton of programs then 8GB might not be enough. In an case, / really needs to be on its own from anything that might fill it up or corrupt it.It is all about knowing your system. Right now my / partition is 4GB and its at 92%. /var takes up
Closed AccountMar 12, 2007
why do you size your swap file at 2xRAM? I never understood the benefit
prammyMar 12, 2007
You dont *have* to create those partitions in order to run Linux (outside of the swap partition). In fact the default install of fedora is a single partition with one swap partition.However creating seperate filesystems makes it easier if you ever wanted to reinstall or keep your data seperate from your OS when you only have ONE drive. Hell even with my Windows box and my Mac I have seperate partitions for system and data.
tpinkMar 12, 2007
"You dont *have* to create those partitions in order to run Linux (outside of the swap partition)."None of my desktop machines have a swap partition.
flashingcurserMar 12, 2007
Here is one:<a class="user" href="http://technet2.microsoft.com/WindowsServer/en/library/bdeda920-1f08-4683-9ffb-7b4b50df0b5a1033.mspx?mfr=true">http://technet2.microsoft.com/WindowsServer/en/library/bdeda920-1f08-4683-9ffb-7b4b50df0b5a1033.mspx?mfr=true</a>One of the problems about windows users commenting on linux is that they haven't learned much about their os of choice. I want the windows users to check out the example partition schemes on microsoft technet. Technet is a great place, you can learn something about windows there. On technet search for:partitioning pagefileSee what you learn....
dhughesMar 12, 2007
And whatever you do don't make fun of Reiser ...or else!
funkytacoMar 12, 2007
/boot partitions are common on systems with RAID setup.
mikedawgMar 14, 2007
@DontSayFanboy :OpenBSD's sounds like a cross between Linux's partition manager (fdisk) and Solaris (I don't have any experience installing Solaris, or partitioning for it either). In OpenBSD you also have the default "c" partition that represents the whole disk. And by default OpenBSD's "b" partition is for swap.None the less OpenBSD's system allows you to use human friendly/readable notation when creating partitions (ie +4G to make a 4 gig partition).
giniroMar 15, 2007
Ya, this "The Legion" site is full of fake linux fun BS. Every article on that site was written with the same insightful zeal that a monkey would dedicate to picking fleas out of its fur.How to choose a Linux distribution (<a class="user" href="http://legiontech.net/node/6)">http://legiontech.net/node/6)</a>- I would expect that when an article proclaims "how to" do something, that I would actually take something away from the time wasted reading it. In this case I swore out loud and decided never to visit the Legion again. That was until I saw the next "article" they posted to Digg...4 Major Linux Distros - Compared<a class="user" href="http://legiontech.net/node/15">http://legiontech.net/node/15</a>- The saddest most uninformed and informative comparison ever. The jackass actually rank his 4 "reviewed" distros, in no particular order, on a scale of 5. His reason for loving Gentoo? It's not quite clear, but "in his mind" it deserves more than a 5 out of 5. Like the scale is reflective of reality or something.NOW, the absolute best linux/unix/bsd site that includes great reviews, I mean reviews where the reviewer itemizes real failing, usability issues, what bugs were actually encountered, the differences between the previous versions, AND actually includes meaningful recommendations to the distro maintainers, its got to be Software In Review. (<a class="user" href="http://www.softwareinreview.com)">http://www.softwareinreview.com)</a>I am no fan boy. I've got zero affiliation with any forum, site or anything on the web. (including Software In Review, I found the site a month ago) I troll for personal information, but when I see crap like on the Legion's site, I HAVE TO SAY SOMETHING.The Digg is LAME!!!
giniroMar 15, 2007
Sorry, that was supposed to be, "This Digg is LAME!!!", meaning the Legion should stop posting this crap and spend more than 10 minutes writing their definitively titled articles.